Thursday, January 30, 2014

1321. Periodontal Disease Grade 1 and 4 in 3 dogs

Puppy canine teeth usually drop off by 7 months of age. If not, they obstruct growth and development of the permanent canine teeth. In time, hair and food get stuck between the puppy and permanent canine teeth causing periodontal disease.
The Dachshund's upper left and right puppy canine teeth still have not dropped off but the lower ones are gone.


No periodontal disease at this age generally in all teeth. Gums are not inflamed. No pus. No periodontal tissue attachment loss in this left upper permanent canine tooth. But the right upper one has gingivitis and is classified as Periodontal Disease Grade 1.









In another dog, a 12-year-old Papillon with heart disease, there is periodontal disease in the upper canine teeth as shown in the images below.


 
 
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 An educational video is produced by Intern Chiang Ling Ling as follows:
 
 
 
Chow Chow at 18 months now has Grade 1 periodontal disease
 

 
 
Miniature Schnauzer came in because she was lethargic and her front paws were swollen. When I tried to open her mouth, she exhibited a frenzied avoidance behavior turning her mouth away from me. Then she started to paw her mouth with her front paws inserted inside her mouth.
 



This would be a case of periodontal disease Grade 4 in her upper left canine rather than a case of lameness in the front paws as perceived by the owner. After dental work, the dog is active and does not have bad breath. This case can be easily mis-diagnosed as lameness when the cause of the lameness is bad teeth.

An educational video is at:




1320. A hamster has ear warts again. Lateral ear resection surgery

In July2013, the 8-month-old dwarf hamster has ear warts in both ears.








Around 6 months later, ear warts proliferate inside the ear canals again. I advised lateral ear resection surgery of both ears using electro-surgery. Dr Daniel operated. The video is at:

Wednesday, January 29, 2014

1319. Vomiting and more than 5-10X diarrhoea

Young Dachshund - vomiting and purging -10X despite emergency treatment at another practice.

Why?

Blood test agreed by owner shows that the liver is affected, platelets are low. However, total white cell count is normal.
Parvovirus test on faeces - negative.
"How about distemper?" the husband asked.
"Not likely to cause acute gastroenteritis."

Nowadays, young couples are much more sophisticated as the wife asked whether the dog had been infected with parvovirus. Treatment must be successful in acute gastroenteritis or the client loses confidence and goes to another vet.

As this dog went home purging non-stop, then the owner deems treatment unsuccessful. I did not board the dog. Neither did the first vet. 

FOLLOW UP

On 27.1.14
Diarhoea 2X, morning, afternoon and evening.
Vomited 2X at 6pm. Went to emergency treatment.
 After midnight, diarrhea 5-10X, wife keeps waking up to clean.

28.1.14
Admitted to Toa Payoh Vets
Treated and goes home at 8 pm
Only one diarrhea (a bit of watery stools) after midnight.

29.1.14 Phoned  to follow up.
9am - 12 noon. Active. Does not want to eat I/D canned. Drinks 50 ml of electrolyte + glucose from syringe. Water freely available. Crated.
No vomiting or diarrhea.  Advised 50 ml every 2 hours.

Diagnosis:
The dog had hepatitis and low platelet count. Owing to his habit of licking any human or object as well as being fed variety of new dog treats and canned food as well as being introduced to outdoor exercise as opposed to being in the HDB apartment for the last 10 months, the dog could have picked up or licked some toxic chemicals. The total white cell count was normal, therefore ruling out bacterial infection. Blood testing is the use of evidence-based medicine.

NB. The first vet prescribed "3 drontal tablets for cats". Vets must check the medication before dispensing as this may led to complaints. A lot of time must be spent on acute gastro-enteritis case follow ups. It may be too much to expect a vet to do so, but it is important.

Video:  

Saturday, January 25, 2014

Follow up: A shivering Schnauzer

Jan 24, 2014 Follow up on yesterday's treatment

Yesterday, the "7-year-old Schnauzer" came in shivering. Vomiting and diarrhoea for 1 week.
Attended to by my associate vet who took a blood test. High total white cell count 20 v. 6-17 and neutrophils  95% v. 60-70%,, creatinine (447 vs 89-177) and urea 37 (4.2-6.3).  RBC 4.4 v. .5.5-8.5, Hb 10.7 v. 12-18.

I got the dog X-rayed.
I palpated the abdomen. No swollen uterus and no pain on the X-ray table after X-ray. X-rays did not reveal swollen uterus but gas in the intestines.

The owner did not want the dog warded for drip. One IV drip of Hartmann was given. However, when I spoke to the owner, she said the vet did not advise hospitalisation.  Medical advices should be in writing on the case record, I always advised young vets but this was not done.

Diagnosis was kidney failure and bacterial infections. Anaemia was present. The dog needed to be warded for treatment but this is advised and it is up to the owner to comply. The owner will bring the dog to Surgery today.

Much time is needed to follow up. The dog was adopted for 7 years at 3 years of age and should be 10 years old now!
"How about the heat period? When was the last bleeding?" I asked.
"Do you mean her menstruation? " the young lady owner did not know and asked her mum. "Last May or June. However, her menses come around 9 - 12 months' interval."  
"This is not normal," I said. "Most dogs cycle around 6 monthly."

It is possible that this old dog actually suffers from pyometra. Bacteria goes to the kidneys and blood causing vomiting and diarrhoea. Blood test shows kidney failure. The primary cause may be a womb infection. If the owner has spayed the dog young, this pyometra would not have occurred. Abdominal palpation may not reveal closed pyometra. I did feel swollen tubes around 5 mm in diameter on the lowe 1/3 abdomen. Only surgery will confirm but this dog is not fit for surgery now.

This is the type of case where any medical advices regarding hospitalisation ought to be recorded in the medical records to avoid misunderstanding.  




 

1315. Lateral ear canal resection 14 days later - stitch removal




There was scratching by the dog. Stitch breakdown on the left side of the wall. However, healing will be done by granulation. Now, the wound looks red. All stitches were removed and the dog was given pain-killers.